陷落柱伴生断层特征及陷落柱预测   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

褚志忠 《煤田地质与勘探》1998,26(3):26-28

通过对陷落柱伴生断层的分布规律、性质及特征的研究,认识了断层带内煤岩层特征及与周围煤岩层的关系,并以此对陷落柱进行预测预报,取得了较好的效果,该方法便于生产现场推广应用。   相似文献   

陷落柱中“止水塞”的快速建立技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑士田  马培智 《煤田地质与勘探》1998,26(3):51-53

论述了通过注浆在特大型垂向导水通道——陷落柱中建立人工"止水塞"的技术与途径,即"止水塞"位置选择、厚度计算、注浆钻孔的施工工艺、注浆施工工艺、"止水塞"检查、完善与加固方法,并通过实例说明该项技术的实用性和可推广性。   相似文献   

冲绳海槽北段的重磁场特征及地质意义   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  

王述功  李乃胜 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1998,18(4):19-27

１９９２年之前,国内对冲绳海槽的调查研究主要集中在海槽的中部和南部,而对其北段的调查研究工作却很少。根据实测的重磁异常,较深入地分析了海槽北段的地球物理场特征,构造活动地壳结构及应力状态,结果表明冲绳海槽北段同样具有强烈的地壳构造活动。  相似文献   

Influence of Bottom Stress on the Two-layer Flow Induced by Gravity Currents in Estuaries     

M. Zhou 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1998,46(6):811-825

Baroclinic circulation in highly stratified and partially stratified estuaries is characterised by a two-layer flow: a bottom salt- water inflow and a surface brackish-water outflow. Tidal period variation of the thicknesses of a two-layer flow is observed to be associated with mixing, bottom stress and hydraulic characteristics of superposed tidal and gravity currents. Here, both analytical two-layer hydraulic equations with weak friction and a numerical model including a turbulence closure were utilised to understand the mechanism of the layer tendency within a two-layer flow under different barotropic flow conditions. It has been found that in the weak bottom friction case, a gravity current has two critical solutions at the layer thickness equal to 0·5Hand 0·292H. The layer thickness towards a particular critical solution is dependent on the sign of the bottom stress, i.e. when the bottom stress is opposite (favor) to the bottom gravity current, its layer thickness converges to 0·5H(0·292H). In the case of strong bottom stress and mixing opposing the gravity current, the solutions of the gravity current layer thickness at 0·5Hand 0·292Hwill not be valid. Both mixing and vorticity produced by bottom stress erode the halocline, and produce a high velocity core in the mid-depth, which leads to the thickness of a bottom gravity current greater than 0·5H. These internal hydraulic tendency and mixing processes, varying with time-dependent barotropic tidal current forcing, determine the tidal period variation of the gravity current structure.  相似文献   

Seismic vulnerability of reinforced concrete buildings with discontinuity in columns     

Payal Gwalani  Yogendra Singh  Humberto Varum 《地震工程与结构动力学》2023,52(1):204-225

Irregular reinforced concrete (RC) buildings constitute a significant portion of the existing housing stock. A common type of irregularity is in the form of discontinuity in the vertical framing elements, which can exacerbate their seismic vulnerability. The design guidelines available in seismic design codes essentially cater to only regular buildings, and the safety of such buildings, even when the other guidelines of the codes are followed, is doubtful. This article evaluates the vulnerability of RC frame buildings with discontinuity in columns designed for modern seismic codes, in the form of seismic collapse capacity, collapse resistance against maximum earthquake demand level, and failure mechanism. The adequacy and limitations of the provisions of the seismic design codes are evaluated for such buildings. Analysis results show that the sequential analysis of buildings considering the construction staged effects, considerably affects the design and hence the collapse failure mechanism of even low- and mid-rise buildings. The results also underline the importance of strong column–weak beam design in the seismic performance of the floating column buildings. The vertical component of ground motion is also observed to be relatively more crucial in floating column buildings.  相似文献   

环礁沉积体系的过程-产物关系: 勘察式模拟初探     

高抒 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(1):1-15

海洋沉积体系的定量模拟可分为仿真和勘察式模拟,后者的目标是建立沉积特征的连续谱、凝练新的科学问题。本文提出一个勘察式模拟的方法论框架,即根据控制方程确定自变量的定义域,进而由模拟计算给出应变量的值域,并结合物质收支平衡原理和“圆台状环礁”几何模型,以此方法预估环礁及其海底阶地物质输运和堆积格局。环礁是珊瑚礁的独特类型,其礁盘区提供了礁体生长和礁外坡、海底阶地堆积的几乎全部物源。结果表明,环礁自身生长受控于生物碎屑生产,而海底阶地的范围和沉积速率不仅决定于离礁悬沙通量,而且受到环礁外水深和海盆环流的制约。悬沙输运和重力流过程形成常态沉降和水下滑坡的交替沉积。此模型所预测的环礁沉积体系高程-面积曲线与南海环礁的实际曲线相对照,可获得环礁演化的机制信息。模拟结果还提示了需进一步研究的科学问题,如环礁生长规模及其控制机制、环礁沉积体系中周期性沉积的时间尺度、环礁外坡由于珊瑚生长自组织机制形成的重力流事件与地震等极端事件的对比和机制识别、环礁群的海底阶地沉积记录多样性、海面变化对环礁演化的影响和沉积记录、环礁人居环境安全等。  相似文献   

卫星测高技术应用研究回顾与展望   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

黄谟涛  翟国君  欧阳永忠  孙纪章  陆秀平  徐广袖  任来平  王克平  刘传勇  侯世喜 《海洋测绘》2004,24(4):65-70

简要介绍了笔者所在单位近十年来密切跟踪世界发展动态,灵活运用高新技术,致力于卫星测高技术应用研究所取得的一些有理论意义和实用价值的成果,这些成果主要包括四个方面：卫星测高径向轨道误差时域和空域特征分析、卫星测高反演海洋重力场、卫星测高反演海底地形以及利用测高重力异常扩展超高阶地球位模型研究成果。最后对这一研究领域未来的发展方向作了展望。  相似文献   

KSS 31海洋重力仪配套接口子系统开发   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

符溪 《海洋测绘》2004,24(5):67-70

介绍一种采用VC 语言开发成功的KSS 31型海洋重力仪导航系统适配的接口应用程序,对如何解决引进新型号设备与现有的系统(设备)集成(连接)问题有一定的借鉴作用。  相似文献   

陷落柱的地震识别技术及其应用   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

宁建宏  张广忠 《煤田地质与勘探》2005,33(3):64-67

通过地震资料解释的研究与实践,对华北石炭二叠系中陷落柱的地震识别技术及其应用情况,进行了较系统的分析和总结。这对今后正确分辨和圈定陷落柱具有一定指导意义。地震剖面、水平时间切片和沿层振幅切片、相干体技术、波阻抗反演技术等,在对陷落柱的发育部位及其空间关系的解释方面,各有其独特效果。山西某矿陷落柱相当发育,利用陷落柱的综合地震识别技术进行解释,效果明显。   相似文献   

IMPROVED FORECASTING OF COLD AIR OUTBREAKS OVER SOUTHERN CHINA THROUGH OROGRAPHIC GRAVITY WAVE DRAG PARAMETERIZATION     

钟水新  陈子通  王刚  蒙伟光  黄荣 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2016,22(4):522-534

The parameterization of gravity wave drag induced by sub-grid scale orography(GWDO), which has been used in the regional model based on the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System for Tropical Mesoscale Model(GRAPES_TMM), is extended to include the effect of mountain flow blocking drag(MBD). The extended scheme is evaluated against non-GWDO parameterization, including a cold air outbreak over southern China and a monthly verification in February 2012. The experiment results show that the GWDO and MBD parameterization both improves the forecasting of the cold air outbreaks over southern China, as well as alleviations of system bias of GRAPES_TMM.(1) The extended scheme alleviates the strong southerly wind and high surface temperature simulation during the cold air outbreak, especially over northern Guangxi and Guangdong(NGG) province, where local high surface temperature simulation reduces nearly 5 degree.(2) The MBD parameterization improves southerly wind simulations over NGG, as well as surface temperature forecasts improvement over Guangxi, Guizhou province and southern Yunnan-Guizhou plateau(YUP), and low level southerly wind simulation improvement over intertidal zone over south China.(3) The formation of MBD is mainly in the mountain area(Wuyi, Daba mountain, east of YUP) and coastal area. The MBD over plateau, which is mainly formed at the west of 105°E, is stronger and thicker than that over Nanling mountain.(4) The improvement of GWDO and MBD parameterization is stable in model physics. MBD parameterization demonstrates more overall improvements in the forecasts than GWDO, and the larger of the model forecast error is, the greater improvements of MBD contribute to. Overall, the extended GWDO scheme successfully improves the simulations of meteorological elements forecasting during cold air outbreaks.  相似文献